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Thank you very much
Dear Prof Tian Lu
Can we utilize the following information (electron density, Laplacian of electron density, the eigenvalues of Hessian L1-3, charge-shift character, and the electron localization function) to discern the bond strength between Au(I) and the ligands (anion ligand X = Cl, Br, and I and neutral ligand L = OMe2) in XAuL complexes? These values were calculated at the BCP of X-Au and the BCP of Au-L.
If affirmative, could you please elaborate on how we can interpret these results to elucidate the strength of interactions between X and Au, as well as between L and Au?
ρ D^2ρ L1 L2 L3 /\_rel ELF
ClAuOMe2
ClAu 0.112 0.208 -0.123 -0.122 0.452 3.698 0.382
AuOMe2 0.079 0.400 -0.088 -0.085 0.572 6.643 0.131
BrAuOMe2
BrAu 0.101 0.131 -0.099 -0.098 0.327 3.331 0.439
AuOMe2 0.075 0.379 -0.084 -0.081 0.544 6.601 0.128
IAuOMe2
IAu 0.087 0.065 -0.071 -0.071 0.207 2.914 0.502
AuOMe2 0.070 0.347 -0.078 -0.074 0.500 6.567 0.124
Dear Sir
I have a question regarding the data presented in the attached image table below for MgH2. I tried to obtain the precise values for the first three entries in the attached image table (Columns 3-5) as indicated in the accompanying information. Unfortunately, my attempts were unsuccessful, and I am unsure of the source of the issue, despite using the same optimized geometry for this compound as detailed in the referenced paper. Could you please provide guidance on how to accurately acquire these values? Can you also clarify the method for obtaining these values?
---------------- CP 1, Type (3,-3) ----------------
Corresponding nucleus: 2(H )
Position (Bohr): 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 3.234990182304
Position (Angstrom): 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 1.711883081970
Density of all electrons: 0.2859123849E+00
Density of Alpha electrons: 0.1429561925E+00
Density of Beta electrons: 0.1429561925E+00
Spin density of electrons: 0.0000000000E+00
Lagrangian kinetic energy G(r): 0.8353885372E-03
G(r) in X,Y,Z: 0.6587947594E-06 0.6587947594E-06 0.8340709477E-03
Hamiltonian kinetic energy K(r): 0.4847582783E+01
Potential energy density V(r): -0.4848418171E+01
Energy density E(r) or H(r): -0.4847582783E+01
Laplacian of electron density: -0.1938698958E+02
Electron localization function (ELF): 0.9999943697E+00
Localized orbital locator (LOL): 0.9976607255E+00
Local information entropy: 0.7946581824E-01
Interaction region indicator (IRI): 0.1377899448E-14
Reduced density gradient (RDG): 0.1000000000E+03
Reduced density gradient with promolecular approximation: 0.1000000000E+03
Sign(lambda2)*rho: -0.2859123849E+00
Sign(lambda2)*rho with promolecular approximation: -0.2859993958E+00
Corr. hole for alpha, ref.: 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 : -0.1290013554E-03
Source function, ref.: 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 : 0.4769002453E+00
Wavefunction value for orbital 1 : 0.5068760802E-01
Average local ionization energy (ALIE): 0.0000000000E+00
van der Waals potential (probe atom: C ): 0.2597077372E+44 kcal/mol
Delta-g (under promolecular approximation): 0.9860070603E-02
Delta-g (under Hirshfeld partition): 0.9183522735E-02
User-defined real space function: 0.1000000000E+01
ESP from nuclear charges: 0.8277109152E+03
ESP from electrons: -0.4355111772E+01
Total ESP: 0.8233558034E+03 a.u. ( 0.2240465E+05 eV, 0.5166640E+06 kcal/mol)
Note: Below information are for electron density
Components of gradient in x/y/z are:
0.0000000000E+00 0.0000000000E+00 -0.3475952165E-15
Norm of gradient is: 0.3475952165E-15
Components of Laplacian in x/y/z are:
-0.6464031596E+01 -0.6464031596E+01 -0.6458926384E+01
Total: -0.1938698958E+02
Hessian matrix:
-0.6464031596E+01 0.0000000000E+00 0.0000000000E+00
0.0000000000E+00 -0.6464031596E+01 0.0000000000E+00
0.0000000000E+00 0.0000000000E+00 -0.6458926384E+01
Eigenvalues of Hessian: -0.6464031596E+01 -0.6464031596E+01 -0.6458926384E+01
Eigenvectors (columns) of Hessian:
0.1000000000E+01 0.0000000000E+00 0.0000000000E+00
0.0000000000E+00 0.1000000000E+01 0.0000000000E+00
0.0000000000E+00 0.0000000000E+00 0.1000000000E+01
Determinant of Hessian: -0.2698778713E+03
Ellipticity of electron density: 0.000000
eta index: -1.000790
---------------- CP 2, Type (3,-3) ----------------
Corresponding nucleus: 1(Mg)
Position (Bohr): 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000350003
Position (Angstrom): 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000185214
Density of all electrons: 0.1056968865E+04
Density of Alpha electrons: 0.5284844326E+03
Density of Beta electrons: 0.5284844326E+03
Spin density of electrons: 0.0000000000E+00
Lagrangian kinetic energy G(r): 0.1444513333E+04
G(r) in X,Y,Z: 0.4762425043E+03 0.4762425043E+03 0.4920283245E+03
Hamiltonian kinetic energy K(r): 0.7542315441E+07
Potential energy density V(r): -0.7543759954E+07
Energy density E(r) or H(r): -0.7542315441E+07
Laplacian of electron density: -0.3016348371E+08
Electron localization function (ELF): 0.9999789579E+00
Localized orbital locator (LOL): 0.9954337292E+00
Local information entropy: -0.3264601751E+03
Interaction region indicator (IRI): 0.2680475097E-16
Reduced density gradient (RDG): 0.1000000000E+03
Reduced density gradient with promolecular approximation: 0.1000000000E+03
Sign(lambda2)*rho: -0.1056968865E+04
Sign(lambda2)*rho with promolecular approximation: -0.1053504338E+04
Corr. hole for alpha, ref.: 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 : -0.5284844326E+03
Source function, ref.: 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 : 0.6858041181E+13
Wavefunction value for orbital 1 : 0.3547976389E+01
Average local ionization energy (ALIE): 0.0000000000E+00
van der Waals potential (probe atom: C ): 0.2176208440+148 kcal/mol
Delta-g (under promolecular approximation): 0.2069795937E-02
Delta-g (under Hirshfeld partition): 0.8373786257E-02
User-defined real space function: 0.1000000000E+01
ESP from nuclear charges: 0.4252300554E+13
ESP from electrons: -0.4006708449E+02
Total ESP: 0.4252300554E+13 a.u. ( 0.1157110E+15 eV, 0.2668361E+16 kcal/mol)
Note: Below information are for electron density
Components of gradient in x/y/z are:
0.0000000000E+00 0.0000000000E+00 -0.5684341886E-13
Norm of gradient is: 0.5684341886E-13
Components of Laplacian in x/y/z are:
-0.1005451567E+08 -0.1005451567E+08 -0.1005445237E+08
Total: -0.3016348371E+08
Hessian matrix:
-0.1005451567E+08 0.0000000000E+00 0.0000000000E+00
0.0000000000E+00 -0.1005451567E+08 0.0000000000E+00
0.0000000000E+00 0.0000000000E+00 -0.1005445237E+08
Eigenvalues of Hessian: -0.1005451567E+08 -0.1005451567E+08 -0.1005445237E+08
Eigenvectors (columns) of Hessian:
0.1000000000E+01 0.0000000000E+00 0.0000000000E+00
0.0000000000E+00 0.1000000000E+01 0.0000000000E+00
0.0000000000E+00 0.0000000000E+00 0.1000000000E+01
Determinant of Hessian: -0.1016437623E+22
Ellipticity of electron density: 0.000000
eta index: -1.000006
---------------- CP 3, Type (3,-3) ----------------
Corresponding nucleus: 3(H )
Position (Bohr): 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -3.234994340655
Position (Angstrom): 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -1.711885282475
Density of all electrons: 0.2859122208E+00
Density of Alpha electrons: 0.1429561104E+00
Density of Beta electrons: 0.1429561104E+00
Spin density of electrons: 0.0000000000E+00
Lagrangian kinetic energy G(r): 0.8353883105E-03
G(r) in X,Y,Z: 0.6587804754E-06 0.6587804754E-06 0.8340707496E-03
Hamiltonian kinetic energy K(r): 0.4847579042E+01
Potential energy density V(r): -0.4848414430E+01
Energy density E(r) or H(r): -0.4847579042E+01
Laplacian of electron density: -0.1938697462E+02
Electron localization function (ELF): 0.9999943697E+00
Localized orbital locator (LOL): 0.9976607239E+00
Local information entropy: 0.7946578434E-01
Interaction region indicator (IRI): 0.4796971281E-14
Reduced density gradient (RDG): 0.1000000000E+03
Reduced density gradient with promolecular approximation: 0.1000000000E+03
Sign(lambda2)*rho: -0.2859122208E+00
Sign(lambda2)*rho with promolecular approximation: -0.2859993625E+00
Corr. hole for alpha, ref.: 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 : -0.1290014342E-03
Source function, ref.: 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 : 0.4768992642E+00
Wavefunction value for orbital 1 : 0.3426754725E-01
Average local ionization energy (ALIE): 0.0000000000E+00
van der Waals potential (probe atom: C ): 0.2597035026E+44 kcal/mol
Delta-g (under promolecular approximation): 0.9860027808E-02
Delta-g (under Hirshfeld partition): 0.9183479148E-02
User-defined real space function: 0.1000000000E+01
ESP from nuclear charges: 0.8277097902E+03
ESP from electrons: -0.4355107030E+01
Total ESP: 0.8233546831E+03 a.u. ( 0.2240462E+05 eV, 0.5166633E+06 kcal/mol)
Note: Below information are for electron density
Components of gradient in x/y/z are:
0.0000000000E+00 0.0000000000E+00 0.1210105150E-14
Norm of gradient is: 0.1210105150E-14
Components of Laplacian in x/y/z are:
-0.6464026617E+01 -0.6464026617E+01 -0.6458921380E+01
Total: -0.1938697462E+02
Hessian matrix:
-0.6464026617E+01 0.0000000000E+00 0.0000000000E+00
0.0000000000E+00 -0.6464026617E+01 0.0000000000E+00
0.0000000000E+00 0.0000000000E+00 -0.6458921380E+01
Eigenvalues of Hessian: -0.6464026617E+01 -0.6464026617E+01 -0.6458921380E+01
Eigenvectors (columns) of Hessian:
0.1000000000E+01 0.0000000000E+00 0.0000000000E+00
0.0000000000E+00 0.1000000000E+01 0.0000000000E+00
0.0000000000E+00 0.0000000000E+00 0.1000000000E+01
Determinant of Hessian: -0.2698772465E+03
Ellipticity of electron density: 0.000000
eta index: -1.000790
---------------- CP 4, Type (3,-1) ----------------
Connected atoms: 2(H ) -- 1(Mg)
Position (Bohr): 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 1.799889972951
Position (Angstrom): 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.952460755818
Density of all electrons: 0.3242341335E-01
Density of Alpha electrons: 0.1621170668E-01
Density of Beta electrons: 0.1621170668E-01
Spin density of electrons: 0.0000000000E+00
Lagrangian kinetic energy G(r): 0.2860430907E-01
G(r) in X,Y,Z: 0.9576969559E-03 0.9576969559E-03 0.2668891516E-01
Hamiltonian kinetic energy K(r): 0.3044908266E-03
Potential energy density V(r): -0.2890879990E-01
Energy density E(r) or H(r): -0.3044908266E-03
Laplacian of electron density: 0.1131992730E+00
Electron localization function (ELF): 0.9864238361E-01
Localized orbital locator (LOL): 0.2486452000E+00
Local information entropy: 0.1405307581E-01
Interaction region indicator (IRI): 0.7538512331E-15
Reduced density gradient (RDG): 0.2711741471E-15
Reduced density gradient with promolecular approximation: 0.3237883853E+00
Sign(lambda2)*rho: -0.3242341335E-01
Sign(lambda2)*rho with promolecular approximation: -0.5989863012E-01
Corr. hole for alpha, ref.: 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 : -0.1300761270E-05
Source function, ref.: 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 : -0.5004812549E-02
Wavefunction value for orbital 1 : -0.4562646534E-02
Average local ionization energy (ALIE): 0.0000000000E+00
van der Waals potential (probe atom: C ): 0.3924939894E+07 kcal/mol
Delta-g (under promolecular approximation): 0.6766431210E-01
Delta-g (under Hirshfeld partition): 0.5972048373E-01
User-defined real space function: 0.1000000000E+01
ESP from nuclear charges: 0.7561868498E+01
ESP from electrons: -0.6577610941E+01
Total ESP: 0.9842575571E+00 a.u. ( 0.2678301E+02 eV, 0.6176315E+03 kcal/mol)
Note: Below information are for electron density
Components of gradient in x/y/z are:
0.0000000000E+00 0.0000000000E+00 0.1734723476E-16
Norm of gradient is: 0.1734723476E-16
Components of Laplacian in x/y/z are:
-0.4221663186E-01 -0.4221663186E-01 0.1976325367E+00
Total: 0.1131992730E+00
Hessian matrix:
-0.4221663186E-01 0.0000000000E+00 0.0000000000E+00
0.0000000000E+00 -0.4221663186E-01 0.0000000000E+00
0.0000000000E+00 0.0000000000E+00 0.1976325367E+00
Eigenvalues of Hessian: -0.4221663186E-01 -0.4221663186E-01 0.1976325367E+00
Eigenvectors (columns) of Hessian:
0.0000000000E+00 0.1000000000E+01 0.0000000000E+00
0.1000000000E+01 0.0000000000E+00 0.0000000000E+00
0.0000000000E+00 0.0000000000E+00 0.1000000000E+01
Determinant of Hessian: 0.3522294039E-03
Ellipticity of electron density: 0.000000
eta index: 0.213612
---------------- CP 5, Type (3,-1) ----------------
Connected atoms: 1(Mg) -- 3(H )
Position (Bohr): 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -1.799890864500
Position (Angstrom): 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -0.952461227606
Density of all electrons: 0.3242329925E-01
Density of Alpha electrons: 0.1621164962E-01
Density of Beta electrons: 0.1621164962E-01
Spin density of electrons: 0.0000000000E+00
Lagrangian kinetic energy G(r): 0.2860407971E-01
G(r) in X,Y,Z: 0.9576886106E-03 0.9576886106E-03 0.2668870249E-01
Hamiltonian kinetic energy K(r): 0.3045388403E-03
Potential energy density V(r): -0.2890861855E-01
Energy density E(r) or H(r): -0.3045388403E-03
Laplacian of electron density: 0.1131981635E+00
Electron localization function (ELF): 0.9864276600E-01
Localized orbital locator (LOL): 0.2486456022E+00
Local information entropy: 0.1405303451E-01
Interaction region indicator (IRI): 0.9046249816E-15
Reduced density gradient (RDG): 0.3254105034E-15
Reduced density gradient with promolecular approximation: 0.3237890188E+00
Sign(lambda2)*rho: -0.3242329925E-01
Sign(lambda2)*rho with promolecular approximation: -0.5989838431E-01
Corr. hole for alpha, ref.: 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 : -0.1300631321E-05
Source function, ref.: 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 : -0.5004761017E-02
Wavefunction value for orbital 1 : -0.6578846457E-02
Average local ionization energy (ALIE): 0.0000000000E+00
van der Waals potential (probe atom: C ): 0.3924840712E+07 kcal/mol
Delta-g (under promolecular approximation): 0.6766387856E-01
Delta-g (under Hirshfeld partition): 0.5972015774E-01
User-defined real space function: 0.1000000000E+01
ESP from nuclear charges: 0.7561861147E+01
ESP from electrons: -0.6577605743E+01
Total ESP: 0.9842554040E+00 a.u. ( 0.2678295E+02 eV, 0.6176301E+03 kcal/mol)
Note: Below information are for electron density
Components of gradient in x/y/z are:
0.0000000000E+00 0.0000000000E+00 -0.2081668171E-16
Norm of gradient is: 0.2081668171E-16
Components of Laplacian in x/y/z are:
-0.4221630767E-01 -0.4221630767E-01 0.1976307788E+00
Total: 0.1131981635E+00
Hessian matrix:
-0.4221630767E-01 0.0000000000E+00 0.0000000000E+00
0.0000000000E+00 -0.4221630767E-01 0.0000000000E+00
0.0000000000E+00 0.0000000000E+00 0.1976307788E+00
Eigenvalues of Hessian: -0.4221630767E-01 -0.4221630767E-01 0.1976307788E+00
Eigenvectors (columns) of Hessian:
0.1000000000E+01 0.0000000000E+00 0.0000000000E+00
0.0000000000E+00 0.1000000000E+01 0.0000000000E+00
0.0000000000E+00 0.0000000000E+00 0.1000000000E+01
Determinant of Hessian: 0.3522208613E-03
Ellipticity of electron density: 0.000000
eta index: 0.213612
I completely agree that ODI is a measurement of the spatial distribution of a specific orbital. Therefore, it's essential to understand the benefits of ODI and why we need it. I attempted to gather information from the literature, but the only source I found was the Multiwfn manual. Can we establish a connection between ODI and electron distribution? If so, ODI could provide valuable insights into electron distribution. Otherwise, it might not be worth investing time in (I apologize for the straightforwardness).
Does the literature support the conclusion that the orbital delocalization index (ODI) provides significant information regarding the degree of electron delocalization within molecular orbitals, which in turn aids in the assessment of a system's stability? What references can support this point, please?
Thank you Tian
Thanks a lot. Yes it is.
Thanks for your reply. Actually the attached figure is mine but i do not know how i got it. I am trying to get the same map using the examples in section 4.4 but I could not get the same one that in the attached file. Do you have an idea what options i have to use to get the same result (Attached file) :-)
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